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More than 200 major cities have been reviewed to establish the 2021 ranking.
Based on Mercer's 27th international survey, Atlas Magazine has established a ranking of the most expensive cities by continent and region: Africa, Middle East, Europe, Asia, the Americas and Oceania.
Africa: the most expensive cities in 2021
| Global ranking | Regional ranking | City | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | ||
| 15 | 13 | 1 | N’Djamena | Chad |
| 18 | 19 | 2 | Lagos | Nigeria |
| 33 | 20 | 3 | Libreville | Gabon |
| 36 | 24 | 4 | Abidjan | Côte d’Ivoire |
| 49 | 30 | 5 | Bangui | Central African Republic |
| 44 | 38 | 6 | Brazzaville | Congo |
| 24 | 41 | 7 | Kinshasa | Dem. Rep. Of The Congo |
| 56 | 49 | 8 | Yaoundé | Cameroon |
| 75 | 56 | 9 | Dakar | Senegal |
| 70 | 66 | 10 | Douala | Cameroon |
| 58 | 82 | 11 | Djibouti | Djibouti |
| 68 | 85 | 12 | Abuja | Nigeria |
| 57 | 87 | 13 | Accra | Ghana |
| 116 | 99 | 14 | Niamey | Niger |
| 140 | 113 | 15 | Cotonou | Benin |
| 121 | 114 | 16 | Casablanca | Morocco |
| 89 | 119 | 17 | Conakry | Guinea Republic |
| 115 | 123 | 18 | Luanda | Angola |
| 142 | 126 | 19 | Bamako | Mali |
| 154 | 136 | 20 | Lome | Togo |
Lire aussi | The most expensive cities according to Mercer 2019
Middle East: the most expensive cities in 2021
| Global ranking | Regional ranking | City | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | ||
| 45 | 3 | 1 | Beirut | Lebanon |
| 12 | 15 | 2 | Tel Aviv | Israel |
| 31 | 29 | 3 | Riyadh | Saudi Arabia |
| 23 | 42 | 4 | Dubai | United Arab Emirates |
| 39 | 56 | 5 | Abu Dhabi | United Arab Emirates |
| 52 | 71 | 6 | Manama | Bahrain |
| 71 | 94 | 7 | Amman | Jordan |
| 104 | 94 | 8 | Jeddah | Saudi Arabia |
| 96 | 108 | 9 | Muscat | Oman |
| 113 | 115 | 10 | Kuwait City | Kuwait |
Europe: the most expensive cities in 2021
| Global ranking | Regional ranking | City | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | ||
| 4 | 5 | 1 | Zurich | Switzerland |
| 9 | 8 | 2 | Geneva | Switzerland |
| 8 | 10 | 3 | Bern | Switzerland |
| 25 | 16 | 4 | Copenhagen | Denmark |
| 19 | 18 | 5 | London | United Kingdom |
| 50 | 33 | 6 | Paris | France |
| 47 | 36 | 7 | Milan | Italy |
| 54 | 37 | 8 | Vienna | Austria |
| 46 | 39 | 9 | Dublin | Ireland |
| 64 | 44 | 10 | Amsterdam | Netherlands |
| 65 | 47 | 11 | Rome | Italy |
| 72 | 52 | 12 | Munich | Germany |
| 78 | 53 | 13 | Brussels | Belgium |
| 76 | 54 | 14 | Frankfurt | Germany |
| 76 | 55 | 15 | Oslo | Norway |
| 74 | 56 | 16 | Helsinki | Finland |
| 82 | 60 | 17 | Berlin | Germany |
| 21 | 62 | 18 | Moscow | Russia |
| 83 | 63 | 19 | Luxembourg | Luxembourg |
| 87 | 67 | 20 | Madrid | Spain |
Asia: the most expensive cities in 2021
| Global ranking | Regional ranking | City | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | ||
| 2 | 1 | 1 | Ashgabat | Turkmenistan |
| 1 | 2 | 2 | Hong Kong | Hong Kong (SAR) |
| 3 | 4 | 3 | Tokyo | Japan |
| 7 | 6 | 4 | Shanghai | China |
| 5 | 7 | 5 | Singapore | Singapore |
| 10 | 9 | 6 | Beijing | China |
| 11 | 11 | 7 | Seoul | South Korea |
| 13 | 12 | 8 | Shenzhen | China |
| 20 | 17 | 9 | Guangzhou | China |
| 28 | 22 | 10 | Taipei | Taiwan |
| 22 | 23 | 11 | Osaka | Japan |
| 38 | 26 | 12 | Tianjin | China |
| 34 | 27 | 13 | Nanjing | China |
| 40 | 28 | 14 | Chengdu | China |
| 43 | 34 | 15 | Qingdao | China |
| 26 | 34 | 16 | Nagoya | Japan |
| 26 | 40 | 17 | Dhaka | Bangladesh |
| 35 | 46 | 18 | Bangkok | Thailand |
| 63 | 61 | 19 | Shenyang | China |
| 60 | 78 | 20 | Mumbai | India |
Americas*: the most expensive cities in 2021
| Global ranking | Regional ranking | City | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | ||
| 6 | 14 | 1 | New York City | United States |
| 17 | 21 | 2 | Los Angeles | United States |
| 16 | 25 | 3 | San Francisco | United States |
| 28 | 43 | 4 | Honolulu | United States |
| 30 | 45 | 5 | Chicago | United States |
| 37 | 48 | 6 | Miami | United States |
| 41 | 50 | 7 | Boston | United States |
| 32 | 51 | 8 | Washington | United States |
| 48 | 65 | 9 | White Plains | United States |
| 55 | 67 | 10 | Seattle | United States |
| 52 | 69 | 11 | Dallas | United States |
| 60 | 72 | 12 | Atlanta | United States |
| 62 | 75 | 13 | Morristown | United States |
| 51 | 75 | 14 | Houston | United States |
| 69 | 86 | 15 | Minneapolis | United States |
| 66 | 89 | 16 | San Juan | Puerto Rico |
| 73 | 91 | 17 | Port of Spain | Trinidad & Tobago |
| 175 | 92 | 18 | Port-au-Prince | Haiti |
| 94 | 93 | 19 | Vancouver | Canada |
| 98 | 98 | 20 | Toronto | Canada |
*North America, South and Central America
Oceania: the most expensive cities in 2021
| Global ranking | Regional ranking | City | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2021 | 2021 | ||
| 66 | 31 | 1 | Sydney | Australia |
| 42 | 32 | 2 | Nouméa | New Caledonia |
| 99 | 59 | 3 | Melbourne | Australia |
| 104 | 63 | 4 | Perth | Australia |
| 103 | 70 | 5 | Auckland | New Zealand |
| 118 | 75 | 6 | Canberra | Australia |
| 126 | 81 | 7 | Brisbane | Australia |
| 126 | 88 | 8 | Adelaide | Australia |
| 123 | 94 | 9 | Wellington | New Zealand |