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Atlas Magazine reviews this study by classifying the cities by continent.
Africa: the most expensive cities in 2019
| Regional ranking | Global ranking | City | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11 | Ndjamena | Chad |
| 2 | 14 | Victoria | Seychelles |
| 3 | 22 | Kinshasa | D.R of Congo |
| 4 | 24 | Libreville | Gabon |
| 5 | 25 | Lagos | Nigeria |
| 6 | 26 | Luanda | Angola |
| 7 | 30 | Abidjan | Côte d'Ivoire |
| 8 | 39 | Brazzaville | Congo |
| 9 | 52 | Yaounde | Cameroon |
| 10 | 54 | Bangui | Central African Republic |
| 11 | 59 | Djibouti | Djibouti |
| 12 | 63 | Accra | Ghana |
| 13 | 66 | Douala | Cameroon |
| 14 | 72 | Dakar | Senegal |
| 15 | 85 | Abuja | Nigeria |
| 16 | 88 | Conakry | Guinea |
| 17 | 97 | Nairobi | Kenya |
| 18 | 124 | Bamako | Mali |
| 19 | 128 | Cotonou | Benin |
| 20 | 128 | Casablanca | Morocco |
| 21 | 145 | Lome | Togo |
| 22 | 145 | Ouagadougou | Burkina Faso |
| 23 | 149 | Niamey | Niger |
| 24 | 159 | Maputo | Mozambique |
| 25 | 160 | Rabat | Morocco |
| 26 | 161 | Port Louis | Mauritius |
| 27 | 166 | Cairo | Egypt |
| 28 | 169 | Santo Domingo | Dominican Rep |
| 29 | 171 | Dar Es Salaam | Tanzania |
| 30 | 171 | Addis Ababa | Ethiopia |
| 31 | 175 | Kigali | Rwanda |
| 32 | 180 | The cap | South Africa |
| 33 | 183 | Kampala | Uganda |
| 34 | 184 | Alger | Algeria |
| 35 | 185 | Johannesburg | South Africa |
| 36 | 188 | Harare | Zimbabwe |
| 37 | 189 | Gaborone | Botswana |
| 38 | 192 | Nouakchott | Mauritania |
| 39 | 193 | Blantyre | Malawi |
| 40 | 196 | Lusaka | Zambia |
| 41 | 204 | Windhoek | Namibia |
| 42 | 204 | Banjul | Gambia |
| 43 | 209 | Tunis | Tunisia |
Near and Middle East*: the most expensive cities in 2019
| Regional ranking | Global ranking | City | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 21 | Dubai | United Arab Emirates |
| 2 | 33 | Abu Dhabi | United Arab Emirates |
| 3 | 35 | Riyadh | Saudi Arabia |
| 4 | 53 | Beirut | Lebanon |
| 5 | 57 | Manama | Bahrain |
| 6 | 75 | Amman | Jordan |
| 7 | 100 | Jeddah | Saudi Arabia |
| 8 | 103 | Muscat | Oman |
| 9 | 115 | Doha | Qatar |
| 10 | 119 | Kuwait | Kuwait |
| 11 | 154 | Istanbul | Turkey |
* including Turkey
Europe: the most expensive cities in 2019
| Regional ranking | Global ranking | City | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 | Zurich | Swiss |
| 2 | 12 | Bern | Swiss |
| 3 | 13 | Geneva | Swiss |
| 4 | 20 | Copenhagen | Denmark |
| 5 | 23 | London | United Kingdom |
| 6 | 27 | Moscow | Russia |
| 7 | 43 | Dublin | Ireland |
| 8 | 45 | Milan | Italy |
| 9 | 47 | Paris | France |
| 10 | 51 | Vienna | Austria |
| 11 | 55 | Rome | Italy |
| 12 | 58 | Amsterdam | Netherlands |
| 13 | 61 | Oslo | Norway |
| 14 | 65 | Helsinki | Finland |
| 15 | 67 | Munich | Germany |
| 16 | 74 | Frankfurt | Germany |
| 17 | 75 | St. Petersburg | Russia |
| 18 | 77 | Brussels | Belgium |
| 19 | 81 | Berlin | Germany |
| 20 | 82 | Madrid | Spain |
| 21 | 84 | Luxembourg | luxembourg |
| 22 | 91 | Barcelona | Spain |
| 23 | 92 | Düsseldorf | Germany |
| 24 | 95 | Lisbon | Portugal |
| 25 | 97 | Prague | Rep. Czech |
| 26 | 100 | Hamburg | Germany |
| 27 | 111 | Riga | Latvia |
| 28 | 114 | Wellington | New Zealand |
| 29 | 123 | Lyon | France |
| 30 | 125 | Pointe à Pitre | France |
| 31 | 126 | Stuttgart | Germany |
| 32 | 127 | Stockholm | Sweden |
| 33 | 128 | Athens | Greece |
| 34 | 131 | Bratislava | Slovakia |
| 35 | 135 | Birmingham | United Kingdom |
| 36 | 137 | Aberdeen | United Kingdom |
| 37 | 140 | Tallinn | Estonia |
| 38 | 142 | Ljubljana | Slovenia |
| 39 | 143 | Zagreb | Croatia |
| 40 | 145 | Glasgow | United Kingdom |
| 41 | 150 | Kiev | Ukraine |
| 42 | 151 | Nuremberg | Germany |
| 43 | 152 | Vilnius | Lithuania |
| 44 | 156 | Leipzig | Germany |
| 45 | 158 | Belfast | United Kingdom |
| 46 | 161 | Limassol | Cyprus |
| 47 | 164 | Budapest | Hungary |
| 48 | 166 | Tirana | Albania |
| 49 | 173 | Warsaw | Poland |
| 50 | 176 | Bucharest | Romania |
| 51 | 177 | Sofia | Bulgaria |
| 52 | 181 | Belgrade | Serbia |
| 53 | 194 | Sarajevo | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| 54 | 198 | Minsk | Belarus |
| 55 | 201 | Skopje | Macedonia |
| 56 | 202 | Tbilisi | Georgia |
Asia: the most expensive cities in 2019
| Regional ranking | Global ranking | City | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | Hong Kong | Hong Kong |
| 2 | 2 | Tokyo | Japan |
| 3 | 3 | Singapore | Singapore |
| 4 | 4 | Seoul | South Korea |
| 5 | 6 | Shanghai | China |
| 6 | 7 | Ashgabat | Turkmenistan |
| 7 | 8 | Beijing | China |
| 8 | 10 | Shenzhen | China |
| 9 | 17 | Guangzhou | China |
| 10 | 19 | Osaka | Japan |
| 11 | 27 | Nanjing | China |
| 12 | 30 | Chengdu | China |
| 13 | 32 | Tianjin | China |
| 14 | 33 | Nagoya | Japan |
| 15 | 35 | Taipei | Taiwan |
| 16 | 40 | Bangkok | Thailand |
| 17 | 41 | Qingdao | China |
| 18 | 45 | Shenyang | China |
| 19 | 47 | Dhaka | Bangladesh |
| 20 | 67 | Mumbai | India |
| 21 | 79 | Melbourne | Australia |
| 22 | 102 | Bandar Seri Begawan | Brunei |
| 23 | 105 | Jakarta | Indonesia |
| 24 | 108 | Phnom Penh | Cambodia |
| 25 | 109 | Manila | Philippines |
| 26 | 112 | Hanoi | Vietnam |
| 27 | 117 | Yangon | Myanmar |
| 28 | 118 | New Delhi | India |
| 29 | 120 | Ho Chi Minh City | Vietnam |
| 30 | 141 | Kuala Lumpur | Malaysia |
| 31 | 154 | Chennai | India |
| 32 | 178 | Baku | Azerbaijan |
| 33 | 179 | Bangalore | India |
| 34 | 182 | Colombo | Sri Lanka |
| 35 | 189 | Calcutta | India |
| 36 | 191 | Almaty | kazakhstan |
| 37 | 197 | Yerevan | Armenia |
| 38 | 203 | Islamabad | Pakistan |
| 39 | 206 | Bishkek | kyrgyzstan |
| 40 | 207 | Karachi | Pakistan |
| 41 | 208 | Tashkent | Uzbekistan |
Americas*: the most expensive cities in 2019
| Regional ranking | Global ranking | City | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | New York | United States |
| 2 | 16 | San Francisco | United States |
| 3 | 18 | Los Angeles | United States |
| 4 | 37 | Chicago | United States |
| 5 | 38 | Honolulu | United States |
| 6 | 42 | Washington | United States |
| 7 | 44 | Miami | United States |
| 8 | 49 | Boston | United States |
| 9 | 56 | White Plains | United States |
| 10 | 59 | Houston | United States |
| 11 | 62 | Dallas | United States |
| 12 | 64 | Seattle | United States |
| 13 | 69 | Atlanta | United States |
| 14 | 70 | Montevideo | Uruguay |
| 15 | 70 | Morristown | United States |
| 16 | 72 | San Juan | Porto Rico |
| 17 | 78 | Minneapolis | United States |
| 18 | 79 | Santiago | Chile |
| 19 | 83 | Port Of Spain | Trinidad & Tobago |
| 20 | 86 | Sao Paulo | Brazil |
| 21 | 90 | Detroit | United States |
| 22 | 93 | Panama City | Panama |
| 23 | 94 | St. Louis | United States |
| 24 | 97 | Pittsburgh | United States |
| 25 | 106 | Cleveland | United States |
| 26 | 107 | Portland | United States |
| 27 | 112 | Vancouver | Canada |
| 28 | 115 | Toronto | Canada |
| 29 | 121 | Rio De Janeiro | Brazil |
| 30 | 121 | Lima | Peru |
| 31 | 131 | San Jose | Costa Rica |
| 32 | 133 | Buenos Aires | Argentina |
| 33 | 133 | Havana | Cuba |
| 34 | 136 | Guatemala City | Guatemala |
| 35 | 138 | Winston Salem | United States |
| 36 | 139 | Montreal | Canada |
| 37 | 144 | Mexico City | Mexico |
| 38 | 148 | Quito | Ecuador |
| 39 | 153 | Calgary | Canada |
| 40 | 157 | Kingston | Jamaica |
| 41 | 161 | Ottawa | Canada |
| 42 | 165 | Port au Prince | Haiti |
| 43 | 166 | San Salvador | El Salvador |
| 44 | 170 | Bogota | Colombia |
| 45 | 174 | Brasilia | Brazil |
| 46 | 186 | Asunción | Paraguay |
| 47 | 187 | Monterrey | Mexico |
| 48 | 195 | La Paz | Bolivia |
| 49 | 199 | Tegucigalpa | Honduras |
| 50 | 200 | Managua | Nicaragua |
* North America, South and Central America
Oceania: the most expensive cities in 2019
| Regional ranking | Global ranking | City | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 29 | Noumea | New Caledonia |
| 2 | 50 | Sydney | Australia |
| 3 | 87 | Perth | Australia |
| 4 | 89 | Auckland | New Zealand |
| 5 | 96 | Canberra | Australia |
| 6 | 103 | Brisbane | Australia |
| 7 | 109 | Adelaide | Australia |